<1> Removing an Automatic Indentation
    [0CTRL-D] removes all the automatic indents in the current and places the cursor at the beginning . This works in insert mode .
   
<2> Inserting Indent
    [CTRL-T] works as <TAB> , except its size is controlled by ‘shiftwidth’ option .
   
<3> Inserting Registers
    [CTRL-R CTRL-O <register>] pasts contents in the right form .
   
<4> Shift Details
    Usually [>>] puts in 4 spaces wherever the cursor is , if [:set shiftround] is set , [>>] moves the indent to the next shift-width boundary .
   
<5> Specifying a Formatting Program
    [:set equalprg=/usr/local/bin/indent] tells Vim to use GNU indent program when executing [=] .
   
<6> Defining a Comment
    Leave this block out .
   
<7> Customizing the C Indentation
    Leave this block out .
   
<8> Comparing Two Files
    1. Open two windows , set [:set scrollbind] , then when you scroll a window , the other fallows .
    2. [:set noscrollbind]
    3. [:syncbind] syncronizes the two windows .
   
<9> The Preview Window
    1. [:ptag <function>] opens a preview window for the defination of “function” .
    2. [:pclose] == [CTRL-Wz] == [ZZ]
   
<10> Match Pairs
    The “matchpairs” option controls what characters are matched by the % command .
    The default value is [:set matchpairs=(:),[:],{:}]
    To add “<>” , use [:set matchpairs+=<:>] .
   
<11> Showing Matches
    If [:set showmatch] is set , when you enter any type of bracket ( ( , ) , [ , ] , { , } ) , Vim will cause the cursor to jump to the matching bracket briefly .
    [:set matchtime=15] sets the jump to last 1.5s .
   
<12> Finding Unmatched Characters
    1. “[{" finds the previous unmatched { .
    2. "]{” finds the next unmatched { .
    3. “[}" finds the previous unmatched } .
    4. "]}” finds the next unmatched } .
    5. “[(" finds the previous unmatched ( .
    6. "](” finds the next unmatched ( .
    7. “[)" finds the previous unmatched ) .
    8. "])” finds the next unmatched ) .
   
<13> Method Location
    The fallowing commands move to the beginning or end of a Java method .
        1. [m : Search backward for the start of a method .
        2. [M : Search backward for the end of a method .
        3. ]m : … forward …
        4. ]M : … …

<14> Movement
    1. <count>[[ : Move backward to the preceding { in column 1 .
    <count>[] : Move backward to the preceding } in column 1 .
    <count>][ : Move forward to the next { in column 1 .
    <count>]] : Move forward to the next } in column 1 .
    2. Comment Moves
        The commands [ [/ ] and [ [* ] move you backward to the start of the first C comment it can find .
        The commands [ ]/ ] and [ ]* ] move you forward to the end of the last C comment it can find .
       
<15> Dealing with Multiple Directories
    1. [:set path^=../lib] sets a directory a part of the path list .
    2. If there is a block of text in the current file , which is : #include “pal.h” ; You place the cursor on pal.h , then execute [gf] , Vim will search through the path and open it .
    3. If “fr.c” is not in the current file and you want to edit it , use [:find fr.c]
    4. The include Path
        a. The “path” option is used to tell Vim where to look for files included in the current file .
        [:set path=directory,directory...]
        b. Some Special Directories
            ① [/etc/lib/*] means any directory under “/etc/lib” .
            ② [/etc/lib/**] means the entire tree under “/etc/lib” .
            ③ [first, ,last] : There is an empty string between “first” and “last” , it means the current directory .
            ④ [first,.,last] : . means the directory in which the file being edited resides .
           
<16> Defining a Definition
    Vim knows about C and C++ macro definitions . But to other languages , [:set define=<function>] tells Vim to look for macros that start with the string “function”.
   
<17> Locating Words
    1. [ [i ] searches for the first occurrence of the word under the cursor . Text insides comments is ignored .
    2. [ ]i ] searches for the next occurrence of the word under the cursor .
    3. [ [I ] or [ ]I ] list all the lines which contain the word .
   
<18> Multiple Error Lists
    The [:make <file>] generates an error list , Vim remembers 10 of them , [:colder] goes to a previous error list . [:cnewer] goes to a newer one .
   
<19> Customizing the “:make” Command
    1. By default , [:make] uses “make” as the program to execute . But to VC++ users , they should set [:set makeprg=nmake] .
    2. The “switchbuf” Option
        Normally when errors occur , Vim will display the offending file in the current window . When “switchbuf” is set , Vim splits the current window and opens the offending file in the new window .
        It has some values :
        ”,’split’,'useopen’ and ‘split,useopen’ .
        The description of “useopen” is in Chap 5 .
       
<20> Defining How a Tag Search is Done
    Vim performs a binary search by default , to force a linear search , use [:set notagbsearch] . It’s useful if you tag file is not sorted .
   
<21> Customizing the Syntax Highlighting
    Vim recognizes three types of terminals :
        term : Black-and-white terminal .
        cterm : Color terminal .
        GUI
    1. Color Terminal
        The following tells Vim to display comments red on blue , underlined :
        :highlight Comment cterm=underline ctermfg=red ctermbg=blue
    2. GUI Definition
        gui=<attribute> guifg=<color> guibg=<color>
    3. Syntax Elements
        a. Boolean : Constant , Error , Identifier , Macro , PreProc , SpecialComment , Structure , Typedef
        b. Character : Debug , Exception , Include , Number , Repeat , Statement , Tag
        c. Comment : Define , Float , Keyword , Operater , Special , StorageClass , Todo
        d. Conditional : Delimeter , Function , Label , PreCondit , SpecialChar , String ,Type
        e. Cursor : The character under the cursor .
            Directory : Directory names .
            ErrorMsg : Error messages displayed on the buttomline .
            IncSearch : The result of an incremental search .
            ModeMsg : The mode shown in the lower-left corner .
            MoreMsg : The prompt displayed if Vim is displayed a long message at the bottom of the screen and must display more .
            NonText : The Vim editor displays ~ for lines past the end of the file . It also uses @ to indicate a line that will not fit on the screen .
            Question : When Vim asks a question .
            SpecialKey : The [:map] command lists keyboard mapping . This defines the highlight to use for the special keys .
            StatusLine : The status line of the current window .
            StatusLineNC : Status line of other windows .
            Title : Titles for output from [:set all] , [:autocmd] , and so on .
            Visual : This color is used to highlight the visual block .
            VisualNOS : Visual-mode selection when Vim is “Not Owning the Selection” .This works only on X Window Systems .
            WarningMsg : Warning messages displayed on the last line of the window .
            WildMenu : Current match in the ‘wildmenu’ completion .
            LineNr : Line number for [:number] and [:#] commands , and when the ‘number’ option is set .
            Normal : Normal text .
            Search : The result of the last search when the ‘hlsearch’ option is enabled .
            User1~User9 : The ‘statusline’ option enables you to customize the statusline . You can use nine different highlights on this line , as defined by these names .
            Menu : Menu color for the GUI .
            Scrollbar : Scrollbar color for the GUI .
    4. Color Chart
        To see the colors , follow this :
            ① Edit $VIMRUNTIME/syntax/colortest.vim
            ② [:source %]
            Or use “Syntax|Color Test” menu in Gvim .
           
<22> The Syntax Option
            ① [:set syntax=on]
            ② [:set syntax=off]